1 /* scherzo - Music notation training
3 * Copyright © 2010 Carl Worth
5 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
8 * (at your option) any later version.
10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 * GNU General Public License for more details.
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 * along with this program. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/ .
20 #include <gdk/gdkkeysyms.h>
22 #include <asoundlib.h>
27 #define ARRAY_SIZE(arr) ((int) (sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0])))
29 #define unused(foo) foo __attribute__((unused))
31 #define MIDI_BUF_SIZE 4096
33 typedef struct challenge
45 typedef struct pitch_group
53 typedef struct scherzo
61 score_staff_t *treble;
65 /* The word "keyboard" here is referring to a "computer
66 * keyboard". Any "piano keyboard" key knows its own octave and
67 * accidental already. */
71 snd_midi_event_t *snd_midi_event;
74 challenge_t challenge;
76 pitch_group_t notes_pressed;
77 pitch_group_t notes_pedaled;
84 /* Forward declarations. */
86 scherzo_press_note (scherzo_t *scherzo, pitch_t pitch);
89 scherzo_release_note (scherzo_t *scherzo, pitch_t pitch);
92 scherzo_press_pedal (scherzo_t *scherzo);
95 scherzo_release_pedal (scherzo_t *scherzo);
98 pitch_group_remove_pitches (pitch_group_t *group);
101 scherzo_update_notes_and_chord (scherzo_t *scherzo);
104 on_delete_event_quit (unused (GtkWidget *widget),
105 unused (GdkEvent *event),
106 unused (gpointer user_data))
110 /* Returning FALSE allows the default handler for delete-event
111 * to proceed to cleanup the widget. */
116 on_expose_event_draw (GtkWidget *widget,
117 unused (GdkEventExpose *expose),
120 scherzo_t *scherzo = user_data;
121 score_t *score = scherzo->score;
123 GtkAllocation allocation;
124 static const int pad = 10;
127 gtk_widget_get_allocation (widget, &allocation);
128 widget_width = allocation.width;
130 cr = gdk_cairo_create (widget->window);
132 /* White background */
133 cairo_set_source_rgb (cr, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
136 /* Add some padding on the sides and top */
137 cairo_translate (cr, pad, scherzo->staff_height);
138 score_set_staff_height (score, scherzo->staff_height);
139 score_set_width (score, widget_width - 2 * pad);
141 score_draw (score, cr);
147 on_key_press_event (GtkWidget *widget,
151 scherzo_t *scherzo = user_data;
153 pitch_t pitch = PITCH_NOT_A_PITCH;
155 if (scherzo->challenge.active)
156 octave = PITCH_OCTAVE (scherzo->challenge.pitch);
158 octave = scherzo->keyboard_octave;
160 switch (key->keyval) {
164 case GDK_KEY_KP_Equal:
165 scherzo->staff_height += 4;
166 gtk_widget_queue_draw (widget);
170 case GDK_KEY_KP_Subtract:
171 scherzo->staff_height -= 4;
172 gtk_widget_queue_draw (widget);
178 /* Map a piano keyboard onto the computer keyboard with white keys
179 * along the home row, (piano C on computer A, up to next octave
180 * higher C on computer K). Black keys are in the expected
181 * positions, (C# is W, D# is E, etc.).
185 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (C, NATURAL, octave);
189 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (D, NATURAL, octave);
193 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (E, NATURAL, octave);
197 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (F, NATURAL, octave);
201 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (G, NATURAL, octave);
205 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (A, NATURAL, octave);
209 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (B, NATURAL, octave);
213 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (C, NATURAL, octave + 1);
217 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (D, NATURAL, octave + 1);
219 case GDK_KEY_semicolon:
221 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (E, NATURAL, octave + 1);
223 case GDK_KEY_apostrophe:
224 case GDK_KEY_quotedbl:
225 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (F, NATURAL, octave + 1);
229 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (C, SHARP, octave);
233 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (D, SHARP, octave);
237 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (F, SHARP, octave);
241 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (G, SHARP, octave);
245 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (A, SHARP, octave);
249 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (C, SHARP, octave + 1);
253 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (D, SHARP, octave + 1);
255 case GDK_KEY_bracketright:
256 case GDK_KEY_braceright:
257 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (F, SHARP, octave + 1);
268 scherzo->keyboard_octave = key->keyval - GDK_KEY_0;
271 scherzo_press_pedal (scherzo);
274 /* Clear all notes when Return is pressed. */
275 pitch_group_remove_pitches (&scherzo->notes_pressed);
276 pitch_group_remove_pitches (&scherzo->notes_pedaled);
277 scherzo_update_notes_and_chord (scherzo);
281 if (pitch != PITCH_NOT_A_PITCH)
283 scherzo_press_note (scherzo, pitch);
288 /* Allow an unhandled event to propagate to other handlers. */
293 on_key_release_event (unused (GtkWidget *widget),
297 scherzo_t *scherzo = user_data;
299 pitch_t pitch = PITCH_NOT_A_PITCH;
301 if (scherzo->challenge.active)
302 octave = PITCH_OCTAVE (scherzo->challenge.pitch);
304 octave = scherzo->keyboard_octave;
306 switch (key->keyval) {
309 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (C, NATURAL, octave);
313 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (D, NATURAL, octave);
317 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (E, NATURAL, octave);
321 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (F, NATURAL, octave);
325 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (G, NATURAL, octave);
329 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (A, NATURAL, octave);
333 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (B, NATURAL, octave);
337 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (C, NATURAL, octave + 1);
341 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (D, NATURAL, octave + 1);
343 case GDK_KEY_semicolon:
345 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (E, NATURAL, octave + 1);
347 case GDK_KEY_apostrophe:
348 case GDK_KEY_quotedbl:
349 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (F, NATURAL, octave + 1);
353 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (C, SHARP, octave);
357 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (D, SHARP, octave);
361 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (F, SHARP, octave);
365 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (G, SHARP, octave);
369 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (A, SHARP, octave);
373 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (C, SHARP, octave + 1);
377 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (D, SHARP, octave + 1);
379 case GDK_KEY_bracketright:
380 case GDK_KEY_braceright:
381 pitch = PITCH_LITERAL (F, SHARP, octave + 1);
384 scherzo_release_pedal (scherzo);
388 if (pitch != PITCH_NOT_A_PITCH)
390 scherzo_release_note (scherzo, pitch);
396 /* Allow an unhandled event to propagate to other handlers. */
400 /* Determine a chord name (if any) from the current notes pressed */
402 typedef struct analyzed_pitch {
403 /* Original note being analzyed. */
406 /* Absolute pitch (expressed as midi number). */
409 /* Pitch relative to bass note. */
414 _compare_analyzed_pitch_by_midi_pitch (const void *va, const void *vb)
416 const analyzed_pitch_t *a = va, *b = vb;
418 return a->midi_pitch - b->midi_pitch;
422 _compare_analyzed_pitch_by_relative_pitch (const void *va, const void *vb)
424 const analyzed_pitch_t *a = va, *b = vb;
426 return a->relative_pitch - b->relative_pitch;
429 typedef struct modified_degree
436 _modified_degree_to_half_steps (const modified_degree_t *degree)
439 int scale_degree = degree->degree;
441 /* Restrict to actual degrees within a scale. */
442 if (scale_degree > 7)
443 scale_degree = (scale_degree % 8) + 1;
445 /* Number of half steps from root to specified degree within a
447 switch (scale_degree) {
470 fprintf (stderr, "Internal: Invalid degree %d\n", degree->degree);
475 return half_steps + degree->modification;
479 _chord_signature_matches (analyzed_pitch_t *pitches,
481 modified_degree_t *degrees,
486 #define MAX_DEGREES 6
487 int relative_pitches[MAX_DEGREES];
490 assert (num_degrees <= MAX_DEGREES);
492 if (num_pitches != num_degrees)
495 if (inversion >= num_degrees)
498 /* We never spell simple intervals as inversions. */
499 if (num_degrees == 2 && inversion > 0)
502 for (i = 0; i < num_degrees; i++) {
503 /* The num_degrees is in the addition just to ensure all
504 * inputs to the modulus operator remain positive. */
505 int index = (i + num_degrees - inversion) % num_degrees;
507 /* Again, adding a 12 to keep things positive. */
508 relative_pitches[index] =
510 _modified_degree_to_half_steps (°rees[i]) -
511 _modified_degree_to_half_steps (°rees[inversion])) % 12;
515 for (i = 0; i < num_pitches; i++)
516 if (pitches[i].relative_pitch != relative_pitches[i])
519 root_index = (num_pitches - inversion) % num_pitches;
520 *root = pitches[root_index].pitch;
525 typedef struct chord_signature
528 modified_degree_t degrees[MAX_DEGREES];
532 /* XXX: The superscript rise value should be relative to the current
533 * font size. Best would be for pango to support this. See:
535 * https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=708780
537 * For now, these are emipirically-derived values that look reasonable
538 * at the default size that score.c is using to draw the staff. If the
539 * user scales the staff up or down then these will look wrong.
542 #define SUP "<span font='33' rise='30000'>"
543 #define PUS "</span>"
545 chord_signature_t signatures[] = {
547 { 1, {{1, 0}}, "P8" },
550 { 2, {{1, 0}, {2, -1}}, "m2" },
551 { 2, {{1, 0}, {2, 0}}, "M2" },
552 { 2, {{1, 0}, {3, -1}}, "m3" },
553 { 2, {{1, 0}, {3, 0}}, "M3" },
554 { 2, {{1, 0}, {4, 0}}, "P4" },
555 { 2, {{1, 0}, {5, -1}}, "Tri-tone" },
556 { 2, {{1, 0}, {5, 0}}, "P5" },
557 { 2, {{1, 0}, {6, -1}}, "m6" },
558 { 2, {{1, 0}, {6, 0}}, "M6" },
559 { 2, {{1, 0}, {7, -1}}, "m7" },
560 { 2, {{1, 0}, {7, 0}}, "M7" },
563 { 3, {{1, 0}, {4, 0}, {5, 0}}, "sus" },
564 { 3, {{1, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, +1}}, SUP "+" PUS },
565 { 3, {{1, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, 0}}, "" },
566 { 3, {{1, 0}, {3, -1}, {5, 0}}, "m" },
567 { 3, {{1, 0}, {3, -1}, {5, -1}}, "°" },
568 { 3, {{1, 0}, {2, 0}, {5, 0}}, "msus2" },
570 /* Seventh chords with no 3rd */
571 { 3, {{1, 0}, {5, +1}, {7, 0}}, SUP "+M7" PUS },
572 { 3, {{1, 0}, {5, +1}, {7, -1}}, SUP "+7" PUS },
573 { 3, {{1, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, 0}}, "M7" },
574 { 3, {{1, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, -1}}, "7" },
575 { 3, {{1, 0}, {5, -1}, {7, -1}}, "7♭5" },
577 /* Seventh chords with no 5th */
578 { 3, {{1, 0}, {4, 0}, {7, 0}}, "M7sus" },
579 { 3, {{1, 0}, {4, 0}, {7, -1}}, "7sus" },
580 { 3, {{1, 0}, {3, 0}, {7, 0}}, "M7" },
581 { 3, {{1, 0}, {3, 0}, {7, -1}}, "7" },
582 { 3, {{1, 0}, {3, -1}, {7, 0}}, "m" SUP "M7" PUS },
583 { 3, {{1, 0}, {3, -1}, {7, -1}}, "m7" },
584 { 3, {{1, 0}, {2, 0}, {7, 0}}, "m" SUP "M7" PUS "sus2" },
585 { 3, {{1, 0}, {2, 0}, {7, -1}}, "m7sus2" },
588 { 4, {{1, 0}, {4, 0}, {5, 0}, {6, 0}}, "6sus" },
589 { 4, {{1, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, 0}, {6, 0}}, "6" }, /* Ambiguous with m7 */
590 { 4, {{1, 0}, {3, -1}, {5, 0}, {6, 0}}, "m6" },
591 { 4, {{1, 0}, {2, 0}, {5, 0}, {6, 0}}, "m6sus2" },
594 { 4, {{1, 0}, {4, 0}, {5, +1}, {7, 0}}, SUP "+M7" PUS "sus" },
595 { 4, {{1, 0}, {4, 0}, {5, +1}, {7, -1}}, SUP "+7" PUS "sus" },
596 { 4, {{1, 0}, {4, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, 0}}, "M7sus" },
597 { 4, {{1, 0}, {4, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, -1}}, "7sus" },
598 { 4, {{1, 0}, {4, 0}, {5, -1}, {7, -1}}, "7♭5sus" },
599 { 4, {{1, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, +1}, {7, 0}}, SUP "+M7" PUS },
600 { 4, {{1, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, +1}, {7, -1}}, SUP "+7" PUS },
601 { 4, {{1, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, 0}}, "M7" },
602 { 4, {{1, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, -1}}, "7" },
603 { 4, {{1, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, -1}, {7, -1}}, "7♭5" },
604 { 4, {{1, 0}, {3, -1}, {5, 0}, {7, 0}}, "m" SUP "M7" PUS },
605 { 4, {{1, 0}, {3, -1}, {5, 0}, {7, -1}}, "m7" },
606 { 4, {{1, 0}, {3, -1}, {5, -1}, {7, 0}}, "°" SUP "M7" PUS },
607 { 4, {{1, 0}, {3, -1}, {5, -1}, {7, -1}}, "𝆩" SUP "7" PUS },
608 { 4, {{1, 0}, {3, -1}, {5, -1}, {7, -2}}, "°" SUP "7" PUS },
609 { 4, {{1, 0}, {2, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, 0}}, "m" SUP "M7" PUS "sus2" },
610 { 4, {{1, 0}, {2, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, -1}}, "m7sus2" },
611 { 4, {{1, 0}, {2, 0}, {5, -1}, {7, 0}}, "°" SUP "M7" PUS "sus2" },
612 { 4, {{1, 0}, {2, 0}, {5, -1}, {7, -1}}, "𝆩" SUP "7" PUS "sus2" },
613 { 4, {{1, 0}, {2, 0}, {5, -1}, {7, -2}}, "°" SUP "7" PUS "sus2" }, /* Ambiguous with 7 */
615 /* The sorting for chords with degree higher than 9 is funny
616 * to keep the array in degree order after reducing each
617 * degree to an actual scale degree, (9 -> 2, 11 -> 4, 13 ->
620 /* Ninth chords voiced with no 5th */
621 { 4, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {4, 0}, {7, 0}}, "M9sus" },
622 { 4, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {4, 0}, {7, -1}}, "9sus" },
623 { 4, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, 0}, {7, 0}}, "M9" },
624 { 4, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, 0}, {7, -1}}, "9" },
625 { 4, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, -1}, {7, 0}}, "m" SUP "M9" PUS },
626 { 4, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, -1}, {7, -1}}, "m9" },
627 { 4, {{1, 0}, {9, -1}, {3, -1}, {7, -1}}, "m♭9" },
628 { 4, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, -1}, {6, 0}}, "m6/9" },
629 { 4, {{1, 0}, {9, -1}, {3, -1}, {6, 0}}, "m6/♭9" },
632 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, 0}, {6, 0}}, "6/9" },
633 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, -1}, {5, 0}, {6, 0}}, "m6/9" },
634 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, -1}, {3, -1}, {5, 0}, {6, 0}}, "m6/♭9" },
636 /* Seventh plus altered 9 */
637 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, +1}, {3, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, -1}}, "7♯9" },
638 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, -1}, {3, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, -1}}, "7♭9" },
639 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, +1}, {3, 0}, {5, -1}, {7, -1}}, "7♭5♯9" },
640 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, -1}, {3, 0}, {5, -1}, {7, -1}}, "7♭5♭9" },
643 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {4, 0}, {5, +1}, {7, 0}}, SUP "+M9" PUS "sus" },
644 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {4, 0}, {5, +1}, {7, -1}}, SUP "+9" PUS "sus" },
645 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {4, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, 0}}, "M9sus" },
646 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {4, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, -1}}, "9sus" },
647 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, +1}, {7, 0}}, SUP "+M9" PUS },
648 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, +1}, {7, -1}}, SUP "+9" PUS },
649 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, 0}}, "M9" },
650 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, -1}}, "9" },
651 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, -1}, {5, 0}, {7, 0}}, "m" SUP "M9" PUS },
652 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, -1}, {5, 0}, {7, -1}}, "m9" },
653 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, -1}, {3, -1}, {5, 0}, {7, -1}}, "m♭9" },
654 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, -1}, {7, 0}}, "M9" SUP "♭5" PUS },
655 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, 0}, {5, -1}, {7, -1}}, "9" SUP "♭5" PUS },
656 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, -1}, {5, -1}, {7, 0}}, "m" SUP "M9♭5" PUS },
657 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, -1}, {5, -1}, {7, -1}}, "𝆩" SUP "9" PUS },
658 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, -1}, {3, -1}, {5, -1}, {7, -1}}, "𝆩" SUP "♭9" PUS },
659 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, -1}, {5, -1}, {7, -2}}, "°" SUP "9" PUS },
660 { 5, {{1, 0}, {9, -1}, {3, -1}, {5, -1}, {7, -2}}, "°" SUP "♭9" PUS },
662 /* Eleventh chords */
663 { 6, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, 0}, {11, 0}, {5, +1}, {7, 0}}, SUP "+M11" PUS },
664 { 6, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, 0}, {11, 0}, {5, +1}, {7, -1}}, SUP "+11" PUS },
665 { 6, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, 0}, {11, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, 0}}, "M11" },
666 { 6, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, 0}, {11, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, -1}}, "11" },
667 { 6, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, -1}, {11, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, 0}}, "m" SUP "M11" PUS },
668 { 6, {{1, 0}, {9, 0}, {3, -1}, {11, 0}, {5, 0}, {7, -1}}, "m11" },
669 { 6, {{1, 0}, {9, -1}, {3, -1}, {11, 0}, {5, -1}, {7, -1}}, "𝆩" SUP "11" PUS },
670 { 6, {{1, 0}, {9, -1}, {3, -1}, {11, -1}, {5, -1}, {7, -2}}, "°" SUP "11" PUS }
674 _spell_chord_by_signature (pitch_group_t *chord,
675 chord_signature_t *signature,
678 int i, degree, note_half_steps, degree_half_steps;
680 for (i = 0; i < chord->num_pitches; i++) {
681 note_half_steps = pitch_from_root_in_half_steps (chord->pitches[i],
683 for (degree = 0; degree < signature->num_degrees; degree++) {
684 degree_half_steps = _modified_degree_to_half_steps (&signature->degrees[degree]);
685 if (note_half_steps == degree_half_steps) {
686 chord->pitches[i] = pitch_spell_as_degree (chord->pitches[i],
688 signature->degrees[degree].degree);
692 if (note_half_steps != degree_half_steps) {
693 fprintf (stderr, "Internal error: Chord and degree mis-match\n");
700 _analyze_chord (pitch_group_t *chord,
701 chord_signature_t **signature_ret,
704 void *local = talloc_new (NULL);
705 analyzed_pitch_t *pitches;
706 int i, j, num_pitches;
707 int bass_pitch, inversion;
709 chord_signature_t *match = NULL;
711 /* Default to no-match for any early return */
712 *signature_ret = NULL;
715 num_pitches = chord->num_pitches;
717 if (chord->num_pitches <= 1)
720 pitches = talloc_array (local, analyzed_pitch_t, num_pitches);
724 for (i = 0; i < num_pitches; i++) {
725 pitch_t pitch = chord->pitches[i];
726 pitches[i].pitch = pitch;
727 pitches[i].midi_pitch = pitch_to_midi (pitch);
728 /* Relative pitch will be filled in after sorting. */
729 pitches[i].relative_pitch = 0;
732 /* First, sort by midi pitch to find the bass note. */
733 qsort (pitches, num_pitches, sizeof (analyzed_pitch_t),
734 _compare_analyzed_pitch_by_midi_pitch);
736 bass_pitch = pitches[0].midi_pitch;
738 /* With the bass note identified, we can find all relative pitches. */
739 for (i = 0; i < num_pitches; i++) {
740 pitches[i].relative_pitch = pitches[i].midi_pitch - bass_pitch;
741 while (pitches[i].relative_pitch >= 12)
742 pitches[i].relative_pitch -= 12;
745 /* Now, sort again by relative pitch. */
746 qsort (pitches, num_pitches, sizeof (analyzed_pitch_t),
747 _compare_analyzed_pitch_by_relative_pitch);
749 /* Finally, eliminate all duplicate notes. */
750 for (i = 0; i < num_pitches - 1; i++) {
751 if (pitches[i+1].relative_pitch == pitches[i].relative_pitch) {
753 while (j < num_pitches &&
754 pitches[j].relative_pitch == pitches[i].relative_pitch)
758 /* The loop incremented j one past the last
759 * duplicate. Decrement so that it points to the
760 * last duplicate (and is guaranteed to not exceed
761 * the array bounds).*/
764 if (j < num_pitches - 1) {
765 memmove (&pitches[i+1], &pitches[j+1],
766 (num_pitches - j) * sizeof (analyzed_pitch_t));
769 num_pitches -= (j - i);
773 for (inversion = 0; inversion < 4; inversion++) {
774 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE (signatures); i++) {
775 if (_chord_signature_matches (pitches, num_pitches,
776 signatures[i].degrees,
777 signatures[i].num_degrees,
780 match = &signatures[i];
788 *signature_ret = match;
789 for (i = 0; i < chord->num_pitches; i++) {
790 if (chord->pitches[i] == root) {
791 *root_ret = &chord->pitches[i];
802 pitch_group_init (void *ctx, pitch_group_t *group)
805 group->pitches = NULL;
807 group->num_pitches = 0;
811 pitch_group_add_pitch (pitch_group_t *group, pitch_t pitch)
815 /* Do nothing if pitch is already in group. */
816 for (i = 0; i < group->num_pitches; i++)
817 if (group->pitches[i] == pitch)
820 group->num_pitches++;
822 if (group->num_pitches > group->size) {
824 group->pitches = talloc_realloc (group->ctx, group->pitches,
825 pitch_t, group->size);
827 if (group->pitches == NULL) {
828 fprintf (stderr, "Out of memory.\n");
833 group->pitches[group->num_pitches - 1] = pitch;
837 pitch_group_remove_pitch_at (pitch_group_t *group, int i)
839 if (i > group->num_pitches) {
840 fprintf (stderr, "Internal error: Cannot remove pitch %d from group with only %d %s\n",
841 i, group->num_pitches,
842 group->num_pitches == 1 ? "pitch" : "pitches");
846 if (i < group->num_pitches - 1) {
847 memmove (group->pitches + i, group->pitches + i + 1,
848 (group->num_pitches - 1 - i) * sizeof (pitch_t));
851 group->num_pitches--;
854 /* Remove a 'pitch' from 'group', (including any enharmonic pitch)
855 * See also: pitch_group_remove_pitch
858 pitch_group_remove_pitch_enharmonic (pitch_group_t *group, pitch_t pitch)
862 for (i = 0; i < group->num_pitches; i++)
863 if (pitch_enharmonic_to (group->pitches[i], pitch))
864 pitch_group_remove_pitch_at (group, i);
867 /* Remove an exactly-matching pitch from 'group'
868 * See also: pitch_group_remove_pitch_enharmonic
871 pitch_group_remove_pitch (pitch_group_t *group, pitch_t pitch)
875 for (i = 0; i < group->num_pitches; i++)
876 if (group->pitches[i] == pitch)
877 pitch_group_remove_pitch_at (group, i);
881 /* Remove all pitches from a pitch_group_t */
883 pitch_group_remove_pitches (pitch_group_t *group)
885 talloc_free (group->pitches);
886 pitch_group_init (group->ctx, group);
890 scherzo_update_notes_and_chord (scherzo_t *scherzo)
892 void *local = talloc_new (NULL);
893 pitch_group_t *chord;
894 chord_signature_t *signature;
895 char *chord_name = NULL;
899 /* Remove all notes/chords from score, then add current notes. */
900 score_remove_notes (scherzo->score);
901 score_remove_chords (scherzo->score);
903 if (scherzo->pedal_pressed)
904 chord = &scherzo->notes_pedaled;
906 chord = &scherzo->notes_pressed;
908 _analyze_chord (chord, &signature, &root);
911 /* Don't print root pitch for octaves and inversions,
912 * (since a pitch name alone looks like a major triad) */
913 if (signature->num_degrees < 3) {
914 /* In fact, don't print anything for octaves and
915 * inversions for now. It leads to a bit of flashing when
918 * FIXME: What I'd like to have here is a small timeout,
919 * such that names only appear once an interval has been
920 * held for at least 100 ms or so. With that, it would be
921 * nice to display the interval names once again.
923 chord_name = talloc_strdup (local, signature->name);
926 _spell_chord_by_signature (&scherzo->notes_pressed,
928 _spell_chord_by_signature (&scherzo->notes_pedaled,
931 chord_name = talloc_asprintf (local, "%s%s",
932 pitch_string (*root),
935 } else if (chord->num_pitches > 2) {
936 chord_name = talloc_strdup (local, "?");
940 scherzo->chord = score_add_chord (scherzo->treble, chord_name);
942 for (i = 0; i < scherzo->notes_pressed.num_pitches; i++)
944 score_add_note (scherzo->score, scherzo->notes_pressed.pitches[i],
945 SCORE_DURATION_WHOLE);
948 for (i = 0; i < scherzo->notes_pedaled.num_pitches; i++)
950 score_add_note (scherzo->score, scherzo->notes_pedaled.pitches[i],
951 SCORE_DURATION_WHOLE);
954 gtk_widget_queue_draw (scherzo->window);
960 scherzo_set_key (scherzo_t *scherzo, pitch_t pitch)
962 scherzo_key_init (&scherzo->key, pitch);
963 score_set_key (scherzo->score, pitch);
967 pitches_are_diatonic_scale (pitch_t *pitches, int num_pitches)
969 int diatonic_half_steps[7] = {
981 for (i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
982 half_steps = pitch_from_root_in_half_steps (pitches[i], root);
983 if (half_steps != diatonic_half_steps[i])
991 scherzo_press_note (scherzo_t *scherzo, pitch_t pitch)
995 pitch = scherzo_key_spell_pitch (&scherzo->key, pitch);
997 #define NUM_RECENT_PITCHES 7
998 static pitch_t recent_pitches[NUM_RECENT_PITCHES];
1000 memmove (recent_pitches, recent_pitches + 1,
1001 (NUM_RECENT_PITCHES - 1) * sizeof (pitch_t));
1002 recent_pitches[NUM_RECENT_PITCHES - 1] = pitch;
1004 if (pitches_are_diatonic_scale (recent_pitches, NUM_RECENT_PITCHES))
1005 scherzo_set_key (scherzo, recent_pitches[0]);
1007 /* Do nothing if this note is already pressed. */
1008 for (i = 0; i < scherzo->notes_pressed.num_pitches; i++)
1009 if (scherzo->notes_pressed.pitches[i] == pitch)
1012 pitch_group_add_pitch (&scherzo->notes_pressed, pitch);
1014 if (scherzo->pedal_pressed)
1015 pitch_group_add_pitch (&scherzo->notes_pedaled, pitch);
1017 scherzo_update_notes_and_chord (scherzo);
1021 scherzo_release_note (scherzo_t *scherzo, pitch_t pitch)
1023 pitch = scherzo_key_spell_pitch (&scherzo->key, pitch);
1025 pitch_group_remove_pitch_enharmonic (&scherzo->notes_pressed, pitch);
1027 scherzo_update_notes_and_chord (scherzo);
1031 scherzo_press_note_midi (scherzo_t *scherzo, unsigned char midi_note)
1033 scherzo_press_note (scherzo, pitch_from_midi (midi_note));
1037 scherzo_release_note_midi (scherzo_t *scherzo, unsigned char midi_note)
1039 scherzo_release_note (scherzo, pitch_from_midi (midi_note));
1043 scherzo_press_pedal (scherzo_t *scherzo)
1047 if (scherzo->pedal_pressed)
1050 scherzo->pedal_pressed = 1;
1052 /* Copy all pressed notes to pedaled notes */
1053 for (i = 0; i < scherzo->notes_pressed.num_pitches; i++)
1054 pitch_group_add_pitch (&scherzo->notes_pedaled, scherzo->notes_pressed.pitches[i]);
1058 scherzo_release_pedal (scherzo_t *scherzo)
1062 if (! scherzo->pedal_pressed)
1065 /* Remove all previously pedaled notes. */
1066 for (i = scherzo->notes_pedaled.num_pitches - 1; i >=0; i--)
1067 pitch_group_remove_pitch_at (&scherzo->notes_pedaled, i);
1069 scherzo->pedal_pressed = 0;
1071 scherzo_update_notes_and_chord (scherzo);
1076 _select_challenge (scherzo_t *scherzo)
1078 category_t *category_unused;
1079 bool_t introduced_unused;
1081 challenge_t *challenge = &scherzo->challenge;
1082 pitch_name_t pitch_name;
1086 mnemon_select_item (&scherzo->mnemon,
1088 &challenge->item_index,
1090 &introduced_unused);
1092 item = challenge->bin->items[challenge->item_index];
1094 s = item->challenge;
1095 if (strncmp (s, "treble:", 7) == 0) {
1097 challenge->staff = scherzo->treble;
1098 } else if (strncmp (s, "bass:", 5) == 0) {
1100 challenge->staff = scherzo->bass;
1103 "Malformed staff name: %s (expected 'treble:' or 'bass:')\n",
1110 pitch_name = PITCH_NAME_C;
1113 pitch_name = PITCH_NAME_D;
1116 pitch_name = PITCH_NAME_E;
1119 pitch_name = PITCH_NAME_F;
1122 pitch_name = PITCH_NAME_G;
1125 pitch_name = PITCH_NAME_A;
1128 pitch_name = PITCH_NAME_B;
1131 fprintf (stderr, "Malformed pitch name: %s (expected 'A' - 'G')\n", s);
1136 if (*s < '0' || *s > '9') {
1137 fprintf (stderr, "Malformed octave number: %s (expected '0' - '9')\n", s);
1143 challenge->pitch = PITCH (pitch_name, PITCH_ACCIDENTAL_NATURAL, octave);
1145 challenge->active = 1;
1146 challenge->satisfied = 0;
1147 challenge->mistaken = 0;
1150 /* Determine whether the user hit the correct note. */
1152 _judge_pitch (scherzo_t *scherzo, pitch_t pitch)
1154 challenge_t *challenge = &scherzo->challenge;
1156 if (! challenge->active)
1159 if (pitch == challenge->pitch)
1160 challenge->satisfied = 1;
1162 challenge->mistaken = 1;
1165 /* If the user got the right note (eventually), then score it in
1166 * mnemon and show the next note. */
1168 _score_challenge (scherzo_t *scherzo)
1170 challenge_t *challenge = &scherzo->challenge;
1172 if (! challenge->active)
1175 if (! challenge->satisfied)
1178 mnemon_score_item (&scherzo->mnemon, challenge->bin, challenge->item_index,
1179 ! challenge->mistaken);
1181 _select_challenge (scherzo);
1186 on_midi_input (unused (GIOChannel *channel),
1187 unused (GIOCondition condition),
1190 unsigned char buf[MIDI_BUF_SIZE], *next;
1191 scherzo_t *scherzo = user_data;
1193 snd_seq_event_t event;
1195 remaining = read (scherzo->midi_fd, buf, MIDI_BUF_SIZE);
1201 consumed = snd_midi_event_encode (scherzo->snd_midi_event,
1202 next, remaining, &event);
1204 remaining -= consumed;
1207 switch (event.type) {
1208 case SND_SEQ_EVENT_NONE:
1209 /* Incomplete event. Nothing to do. */
1211 case SND_SEQ_EVENT_NOTEON:
1212 scherzo_press_note_midi (scherzo, event.data.note.note);
1214 case SND_SEQ_EVENT_NOTEOFF:
1215 scherzo_release_note_midi (scherzo, event.data.note.note);
1217 case SND_SEQ_EVENT_CLOCK:
1218 /* Ignore for now as my piano sends a constant stream of these. */
1220 case SND_SEQ_EVENT_SENSING:
1221 /* Ignore for now as my piano sends a constant stream of these. */
1223 case SND_SEQ_EVENT_CONTROLLER:
1224 /* XXX: My piano gives me 64 for the sustain pedal, is
1225 * that universal? */
1226 if (event.data.control.param == 64) {
1227 if (event.data.control.value == 0)
1228 scherzo_release_pedal (scherzo);
1230 scherzo_press_pedal (scherzo);
1232 fprintf (stderr, "Fixme: Unhandled MIDI Control event (param=%d, value=%d)\n",
1233 event.data.control.param, event.data.control.value);
1237 fprintf (stderr, "Fixme: Do not yet know how to handle MIDI event %d\n",
1243 /* Return TRUE to continue to get called in the future. */
1248 main (int argc, char *argv[])
1250 GtkWidget *drawing_area;
1254 srand (time (NULL));
1256 gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
1258 scherzo.ctx = talloc_new (NULL);
1260 scherzo.score = score_create (scherzo.ctx);
1261 scherzo.staff_height = 100;
1262 score_set_staff_height (scherzo.score, scherzo.staff_height);
1264 score_add_brace (scherzo.score, 2);
1265 scherzo.treble = score_add_staff (scherzo.score, SCORE_CLEF_G);
1266 scherzo.bass = score_add_staff (scherzo.score, SCORE_CLEF_F);
1268 scherzo.chord = NULL;
1270 /* Default to octave 4 for computer keyboard keypresses. */
1271 scherzo.keyboard_octave = 4;
1273 pitch_group_init (scherzo.ctx, &scherzo.notes_pressed);
1274 pitch_group_init (scherzo.ctx, &scherzo.notes_pedaled);
1276 scherzo.pedal_pressed = 0;
1278 /* Default to key of C Major, naturally. */
1279 scherzo_set_key (&scherzo, PITCH_CLASS_LITERAL (C, NATURAL));
1281 mnemon_init (&scherzo.mnemon);
1282 /* XXX: Should create a default file if one cannot be loaded. */
1283 mnemon_load_category (&scherzo.mnemon, "scherzo-notes");
1285 scherzo.challenge.active = 0;
1287 _select_challenge (&scherzo);
1290 err = snd_midi_event_new (MIDI_BUF_SIZE, &scherzo.snd_midi_event);
1292 fprintf (stderr, "Out of memory.\n");
1296 #define MIDI_DEVICE "/dev/midi1"
1297 scherzo.midi_fd = open (MIDI_DEVICE, O_RDONLY);
1298 if (scherzo.midi_fd < 0) {
1299 printf ("failed to open " MIDI_DEVICE ". Midi input will not be available.\n");
1301 GIOChannel *channel;
1303 channel = g_io_channel_unix_new (scherzo.midi_fd);
1304 g_io_channel_set_encoding (channel, NULL, NULL);
1305 g_io_add_watch (channel, G_IO_IN, on_midi_input, &scherzo);
1308 scherzo.window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
1310 gtk_window_set_default_size (GTK_WINDOW (scherzo.window), 1000, 600);
1312 g_signal_connect (scherzo.window, "delete-event",
1313 G_CALLBACK (on_delete_event_quit), NULL);
1315 drawing_area = gtk_drawing_area_new ();
1317 gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (scherzo.window), drawing_area);
1319 g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "expose-event",
1320 G_CALLBACK (on_expose_event_draw),
1323 g_signal_connect (scherzo.window, "key-press-event",
1324 G_CALLBACK (on_key_press_event),
1327 g_signal_connect (scherzo.window, "key-release-event",
1328 G_CALLBACK (on_key_release_event),
1331 gtk_widget_show_all (scherzo.window);
1335 mnemon_save (&scherzo.mnemon);
1337 snd_midi_event_free (scherzo.snd_midi_event);
1339 talloc_free (scherzo.ctx);