Change database to store only a single thread ID per message.

Instead of supporting multiple thread IDs, we now merge together
thread IDs if one message is ever found to belong to more than one
thread. This allows for constructing complete threads when, for
example, a child message doesn't include a complete list of References
headers back to the beginning of the thread.

It also simplifies dealing with mapping a message ID to a thread ID
which is now a simple get_thread_id just like get_message_id, (and no
longer an iterator-based thing like get_tags).